June 26th (Friday)

revised 7/23/02

General Washington goes to Cranberry/Crambury/Cranbury (now Cranbury, Middlesex County, New Jersey)

W.o.W.:
"To MARQUIS DE LAFAYETTE
...
   Cranbury 45 m past 9 O'Clock A. M.
I am now arrived here with the Head of our line.  I must repeat again my wish that you do not push on with too much rapidity.  You may be, in case of Action, at too great a distance to receive succor and exposed from thence to great Hazard...."
and
"To MARQUIS DE LAFAYETTE
   Cranbury, 1/2 hour after 8 O'Clock P. M. June 26, 1778..."

Greenman:
“this morn started very early   pushed on 6 milds as far as a small town cal’d Crambury ware we made a halt  ware we heard of the enemy being about 18 milds a head & the enemy a pushing on for Sandy hook.  hear we stayed three owers & drawed sum provision   our Division was order’d forrid under the Command of Genl Lee   we went about 6 milds & made a halt   Sum very heavy Shower of wrain & Thundr.”

(note, Greenman now follows Lee's path)

Dr. Adams:
".. the Armny proceeded on to Cranbury- a detachment sent off under Gen'l Lee- lodged at a Mr. [Smock's?]"

McHenry:
"March to Cranberry, and hault 7 miles from Laurence's Farm.  -- A heavy rain.  (Note: McHenry has Lee leaving on the 27th.)

William Willcocks:  [With Lafayette at "Justice Anderson's"]
"They [The British Army]  haulted about twelve Oclock, and proceed no further till tomorrow, on account of it being a provisions day.  Their most advanced picket is a little beyond the Court house.  General Clinton Quarter’s in town....
"I cannot conclude with out observing that about three or four hundred yards above the Mill at Cranburry, there turns off a road to the left leading directly through what is commonly called the neighbourhood of Manalapan; upon the Baggage of the  line, which has Niphausen’s command in the van.  This road is good but not so wide as might be desired, through a Country very friendly to our Cause."

Geographic Notes:

    It is reasonable to assume that the army came east on Ridge Road, into the Dayton "Crossroads", as it was then called, then turned down George's Road ( & Route 130).
Map of Dayton, NJ
    Cranbury is a rise of land between Cedar Brook and Cranbury Brook, with two roads from the north: George's going to New Brunswick (N. Main and US 130), and Lowry's going to South River(Maplewood/"Cranbury-South River Road"), and a road going south to Hightstown, three miles due south.  The Plainsboro road goes east, staying south of the Devils Brook swamps.
  A road, either Prospect Plains Road or Half Acre/Prospect Plains Road existed in colonial times.
   Newer research has shown that a road like Cranbury Station Road also existed in colonial times.  Its exact course requires more research, but it seems to have connected with Union Valley Road, south of the modern "Concordia".

    Willcock talks of a road leaving to the left, about 1000 feet from the Cranbury mill.  This is the distance from the mill south to Cranbury Station Road.  

    Greenman implies that he spent three hours in Cranbury, say, from 9 AM to Noon.  He then left with Lee, going east.  If Lee's column was on the road Wilcocks had described [that is, if they were already coming along Cranbury Station Road], why would Wilcocks bother to describe it?  If, on the other hand, Lee had taken another road, say Prospect Plains Road or Half Acre Road, then Wilcocks's letter, telling Stirling that the Cranbury Neck Road was better, would be good guidance for Washington and Stirling.

     I now suspect that Lee went on one of the northern routes, but it is likely that Wilcock's letter influenced the choice of route for Washington's main column.

Cranbury/Monroe area

  Though the arrangement of Cranbury was changed greatly by it's 19th century prosperity, the old, obsolete road network remains (N. Main St, Maplewood Ave.).
 
Map of Cranbury, NJ
    Lafayette, it seems, spent the night of the 25th in Cranbury, and left town some time between "five o'clock [a.m.]" when he wrote Washington from "Cranburry", and "quarter after seven [a.m.]" when he was in "Hice Town" (Hightstown)  [Gottshcalk, p49].  It is possible that Lafayette's men camped by the mill. Washington's main army spent the night of the 26th there, Lee left 3 hours after arriving (?).
   The location of "Doctr Stiles" (sp?) house is on (South?) Main Street.  [Stites]
    Where Washington's army camped is not explained here.

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